9/23/2023 0 Comments Su vs sudo![]() Root privileges are required to perform operations such as: A typical entry of the message contains: An important safeguard to allow for tracking and accountability of sudo use./var/log/messages or /var/log/secure (other systems)./var/log/auth.log (the Debian distribution family).By default, sudo commands and any failures are logged in:.This file contains the individual user's sudo configuration, and one should leave the master configuration file untouched except for changes that affect all users.Most Linux distributions now prefer you add a file in the directory /etc/sudoers.d with a name the same as the user.The basic structure of an entry: who where = (as_whom) what.Edit by using visudo, which ensures that only one person is editing the file at a time, has the proper permissions, and refuses to write out the file and exit if there is an error in the changes made.Unknown user requests and requests to do operations not allowed to the user even with sudo are reported. Whenever sudo is invoked, a trigger will look at /etc/sudoers and the files in /etc/sudoers.d to determine if the user has the right to use sudo and what the scope of their privilege is. TTY=pts/6 PWD=/var/log USER=root COMMAND=/bin/bash A message such as the following would appear in a system log file (usually /var/log/secure) when trying to execute sudo bash without successfully authenticating the user:Īuthentication failure logname=op uid=0 euid=0 tty=/dev/pts/6 ruser=op rhost= user=opĪuth could not identify password for.based on configuration information stored in the /etc/sudoers file and in the /etc/sudoers.d directory.Has the ability to keep track of unsuccessful attempts at gaining root access. The command has detailed logging features. ![]() By default the user will either always have to keep giving their password to do further operations with sudo, or can avoid doing so for a configurable time interval. Exactly what the user is allowed to do can be precisely controlled and limited. Offers more features and is considered more secure and more configurable.When elevating privilege, we need to enter the user password.The command has limited logging features.Once a user elevates to the root account using su, the user can do anything that the root user can do for as long as the user wants, without being asked again for a password.WARNING: Never give the root password to a normal user. When elevating privilege, we need to enter the root password.In Linux, we can use either su or sudo to temporarily grant root access to a normal user.
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